Configure sudo

	Configure sudo to separate users' duty if some people share privileges.
[1]	Install sudo

root@dlp:~# aptitude -y install sudo

[2]	Transfer root privilege to a user all.

root@dlp:~# visudo # add at the last: user 'pangolin' can use all root privilege pangolin ALL=(ALL) ALL # how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command # push 'Ctrl + x' key to quit visudo # make sure with user 'pangolin' pangolin@dlp:~$ /sbin/shutdown -r now shutdown: you must be root to do that! # denied normally pangolin@dlp:~$ sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now [sudo] password for pangolin: # pangolin's password pangolin@dlp:~$ Broadcast message from root@dlp (pts/0) (Sun Mar 6 02:45:10 2011): The system is going down for reboot NOW!   # executed

[3]	In addition to the setting [1], set that some commands are not allowed.

root@dlp:~# visudo # add alias for the kind of shutdown commands # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, \ /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init # add ( commands in alias 'SHUTDOWN' are not allowed ) pangolin ALL=(ALL) ALL, !SHUTDOWN # make sure with user 'pangolin' pangolin@dlp:~$ sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now [sudo] password for pangolin: Sorry, user pangolin is not allowed to execute '/sbin/shutdown -r now' as root on dlp.server.world.   # denied

[4]	Transfer some commands with root privilege to users in a group.

root@dlp:~# visudo # add aliase for the kind of user management comamnds # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias USERMGR = /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd # add at the last %usermgr ALL=(ALL) USERMGR root@dlp:~# groupadd usermgr root@dlp:~# vi /etc/group # add a user in this group usermgr:x:1002: pangolin # make sure with user 'pangolin' pangolin@dlp:~$ sudo /usr/sbin/useradd testuser pangolin@dlp:~$ # done normally pangolin@dlp:~$ sudo /usr/bin/passwd testuser Enter new UNIX password: # set testuser's password Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully

[5]	Transfer a command with root privilege to a user.

root@dlp:~# visudo # add at the last fedora ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/visudo cent ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd suse ALL=(ALL) /usr/bin/vim # make sure with user 'fedora' fedora@dlp:~$ sudo /usr/sbin/visudo # possible to open and edit ## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as ## the root user, without needing the root password. ## # make sure with user 'cent' cent@dlp:~$ sudo /usr/sbin/userdel -r testuser cent@dlp:~$ # done normally # make sure with user 'suse' suse@dlp:~$ sudo /usr/bin/vim /root/.profile # possible to open and edit # ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells.

[6]	The logs for sudo are kept in '/var/log/auth.log', but there are many kind of logs in it. So if you'd like to keep only sudo's log in a file, Set like follows.

root@dlp:~#

visudo

# add at the last

Defaults syslog=local1

root@dlp:~#

vi /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

# line 8: add

local1.*

/var/log/sudo.log

auth,authpriv.*

/var/log/auth.log

*.*;auth,authpriv.none

-/var/log/syslog

root@dlp:~#

service rsyslog restart

rsyslog start/running, process 1354